少数民族聚居区农户宅基地退出意愿影响因素分析——以新疆特克斯县为例

为了研究宅基地退出影响因素在多民族文化农村区域的特殊性,对新疆特克斯县农户进行问卷调查,选取特克斯县3乡1镇作为样本区,将调查农户分为汉族与少数民族2个类型,提出4个假设,采取Logistic回归分析研究影响不同类型农户宅基地退出因素的显著性,验证提出的假设。结果表明:(1)不同民族文化对宅基地退出影响差异明显;(2)农户户主的家庭决策权存在惯性认识偏差;(3)农户家庭与宅基地禀赋对宅基地退出影响显著;(4)农户宅基地退出政策认知亟需提升。研究结论:(1)重视民族文化对宅基地退出影响;(2)要促进宅基地退出农户就业和社会保障;(3)要强化宅基地退出政策宣传与创新。     

北京农民收入变化特点与促进增收的政策建议

党的十八大报告提出,到2020年我国城乡居民人均收入要比2010年翻一番,农民收入翻番是实现这一目标的重要组成部分。北京市2010年农民人均纯收入约1.3万元,如何在高起点上完成2.6万元翻番任务是目前亟待解决的问题。本文通过定量分析法、研讨法、文献法,梳理北京市"八五"以来的农民增收政策,得出在增收政策力度增大的情况下,农民收入的四个明显特征。一是收入水平增加明显,1995~2014年收入增长6.3倍。二是结构变化明显,工资性收入的增收贡献率与人均纯收入的增长存在显著的正相关关系;转移性收入在收入构成中的比重不断增加。三是区域差异明显,地区之间不平衡;城市发展新区增速略高于其它两个功能区;城乡居民收入差距持续扩大。四是内部差距明显,农民内部收入差距逐年拉大,收入分配不平等程度高于城镇。分析影响农民收入增长的因素时,得出农民存在自身素质局限性、收入来源狭窄性及收入支出失衡性的现实问题及社会保障、土地、财政、公共服务方面的制度问题。最后提出以加强政策可持续性、增强政策针对性、增进制度创新性为切入点,建立合理、有效、配套的农民增收政策体系,完成新形势下的收入倍增目标。     

浅析影响混凝土质量的相关因素

混凝土的质量常以28天强度作为衡量指标,并逐渐形成追求强度的倾向,以为加大水泥用量和采用早强水泥总有利于质量,并排斥使用粉煤灰等矿物掺和料和引气剂,这些都对混凝土的结构带来极为不利的影响。对于现代混凝土来说,提高强度比较容易,为此,施工人员应该深入了解混凝土的特点,并在混凝土结构施工过程中对混凝土原材料的选用与混凝土配合比参数严加控制,本文介绍了影响混凝土质量的因素。     

辽宁省大学生亚健康现状及成因研究

以辽宁省6所不同类型院校的1 200名学生为研究对象,对他们的亚健康现状和影响因素进行了调查,可以看出我省大学生亚健康检出率略高于其他省份。影响辽宁省大学生亚健康症状的主要因素:对自身健康的关注度不够、饮食不规律、缺少合理的睡眠和适当的体育锻炼、闲暇时间睡懒觉及上网聊天打游戏;学校相关部门对学生身体状况的重视程度不够,缺少家人的影响与监督;大学生对未来前程的担忧和就业的压迫感、对自身工作能力的不自信。     

The main paths of medical tourism: From transplantation to beautification

Medical tourism, combining the very polarized purposes of pleasurable travel and potentially stressful health care services, is an emergent and growing business worldwide. Medical tourism patients are willing to travel abroad to seek better quality, lower cost, domestically unavailable, no wait-time destinations for non-emergency medical care. There are numerous related studies in the academic literature that are substantiated with multidisciplinary and diverse backgrounds. This study uses the main path analysis, a unique quantitative and citation-based approach, to analyze the significant development trajectories, important literature, and recent active research areas in medical tourism. We find that there are two distinctive development paths: one path focuses more on the evolution of medical tourism, the motivation factors, marketing strategies, and economic analysis; the other path emphasizes organ transplant and related issues. These two paths eventually merge to a common node in the citation network, which foretells transplantation to beautification as the future research direction trend.     

基于层次分析的农业企业竞争力研究

农业是具有天然弱质性的产业,不但表现出对自然条件的高度依赖,而且还很难抵御市场风险的影响,故此从事农业的企业竞争力相对比较低下。针对这一状况,以层次分析作为研究方法,结合农业企业自身特点,通过对影响农业企业竞争力的因素进行排序、分析,找出适合其发展的拓宽融资渠道,加快人才培养措施建议。     

基于Logistic模型的东北地区粮食生产能力影响因素研究——以宾县为例

[目的]粮食生产能力关系到粮食供给和国家粮食安全,如何提高粮食生产能力是我国亟待解决的问题。文章以宾县为例,通过一定的方法探索粮食生产能力的影响机制,最终提出提高粮食生产能力的合理建议。[方法]利用农户调查数据,借助Logistic模型探讨自然因素和社会经济因素对粮食生产能力的影响特点。[结果](1)品种技术推广、作物收益对粮食生产能力的影响效应在1%水平上达到显著;(2)生育期变化、土地质量、旱灾、耕作方式对粮食生产能力的影响效应在5%水平上达到显著;(3)温度、降水、冷害及农业生产资料投入对粮食生产能力的影响效应在10%水平上达到显著;(4)温度与降水是否集中在生育期内、出售情况、农业引导政策对粮食生产能力的影响不显著。[结论]针对研究结果,该文提出,可从预防低温冷害、健全水利设施、完善耕地保护制度及加强农业基础设施建设等方面提高粮食生产能力。     

新能源汽车产业发展商业模式研究

商业模式是新能源汽车产业化的关键。从核心商业要素上看,新能源汽车产业主要出现了降低新能源汽车电池成本、解决能源供给问题和满足消费者需求三种核心商业要素的商业模式;从产业组织上看,新能源汽车产业主要有拓展型、介入型和合作型三种商业模式。为了构建有效的新能源汽车商业模式,需要明确发展重点、加大宏观指导、开展示范运营和创新试点工作以及协调好相关利益等。     

Non-technical skills for managing risk and performance in financial trading

Recent large-scale failures in financial institutions have been found to be caused, in-part, by human factors-related issues in financial trading. In other environments where risk management and performance are intertwined, a human factors approach is often adopted to understand how the ‘non-technical skills (NTS)’ (leadership (LD), decision-making (DM), situation awareness (SA), teamwork) of organisational actors influence outcomes. Yet, to date, there has been minimal application of human factors research in financial trading. This study (i) identifies ‘real-world’ (i.e. non-laboratory) research studies investigating the NTS important for performance in financial trading, (ii) examines and synthesises data on the NTS found to underpin good or poor performance and (iii) considers the quality and coverage of research investigating NTS in financial trading, and identifies potential areas for future research. Nineteen studies were identified through a systematic literature search and then content-analysed for associations between NTS and performance in financial trading. The review found a range of decision-making (e.g. heuristics and biases, intuitive DM, emotional regulation) and LD skills (e.g. setting standards, monitoring behaviour, encouraging speaking-up) to have been identified as important for managing risk and performance in financial trading environments. Furthermore, SA (e.g. information search and assessment strategies, vigilance, identifying ‘noise’ data) and teamwork (e.g. avoiding ‘role’ conflict, communication between traders) were found to be important, yet remain less explored within the literature, and should be the focus of future research. NTS appear essential for effective risk management within the financial sector, yet further field research is required to examine the context-relevant behaviours that underpin safe activity. This will facilitate the development of evidence-based systems for assessing and training NTS competencies.     

National politics and bank default risk in the eurozone

We study the impact of national politics on default risk of eurozone banks as measured by the stock market-based Distance to Default. We find that national electoral cycles, the power of the government as well as the government’s party ideological alignment significantly affect the stability of banks in the eurozone member countries. Moreover, we show that the impact of national politics on bank default risk is more pronounced for large as well as weakly capitalized banks.